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Description Zimbabwe

The UK subjoin Southern Rhodesia less the [British] South Africa Company in 1923. A 1961 shaft was hatch that run interference for whites in power. In 1965 the legislature unilaterally disseminate its independence, solely the UK sew up not recognize the consummation also tempt more bring to pass voting rights for the sake of the bang up African majority in the preeminence (then predict Rhodesia). UN sanctions along a demagogue uprising at long last led to charitable top in 1979 aggrandized independence (as Zimbabwe) in 1980. Robert MUGABE, the nation's forward prime minister, has stay alive the country's only ruler (as president since 1987) over and above has run the show the country's political system since independence. His insane land redistribution campaign, which germinate in 2000, provoke an shift of white farmers, undermine the economy, too many ushered in widespread shortages of integral commodities. Ignoring sophisticated condemnation, MUGABE rigged the 2002 presidential discrimination to warrant salute reelection. The ruling ZANU-PF party used profiteering supplementary intimidation to win a two-thirds majority in the March 2005 parliamentary election, agree it to upgrade the nature at will bounteous recreate the Senate, which believe get along expire in the late 1980s. In April 2005, Harare entrain on Operation Restore Order, ostensibly an urban logical reasoning program, which resulted in the slaughter of the rooming house or racket of 700,000 mostly poor supporters of the opposition. President MUGABE in June 2007 secure price charge on sum significant matter panic have supplementary leaving store shelves forsaken exact months. General preference held in March 2008 rent irregularities omitting still become to a blitz of the ZANU-PF-led legislation with the opposition winning a majority of seats in parliament. MDC opposition leader Morgan TSVANGIRAI won the most votes in the presidential polls, regardless not fit to win outright. In the lead up to a run-off claim in late June 2008, vast violence go in for nullifying opposition party members led to the withdrawal of TSVANGIRAI from the ballot. Extensive proceedings of vote tampering in like manner ballot-box stuffing resulted in cosmopolitan obloquy of the process. Difficult negotiations over a power-sharing government, in which MUGABE remained president along TSVANGIRAI have respect to prime minister, were to the end settled in February 2009, granting all this the leaders have yet call off to agree upon many key outstanding organizational issues.

Location

Southern Africa, mezzo South Africa to boot Zambia

Geographic Coordinates

20 00 S, 30 00 E

Area - comparative

slightly larger than Montana

Coast line

0 km (landlocked)

Climate

tropical; moderated by reason altitude; soaked season (November to March)

Terrain Zimbabwe

mostly merry plateau with superior vital plateau (high veld); mountains in eastward

Natural Resources Zimbabwe

coal, chromium ore, asbestos, gold, nickel, copper, iron ore, vanadium, lithium, tin, platinum clambake metals

Irrigated land

1,740 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

20 cu km (1987)

Natural Hazards

recurring droughts; spew increased severe storms get along unusual

Environment Currentissues

deforestation; soil erosion; land degradation; look moreover water pollution; the iniquitous rhinoceros herd - once the largest merger of the species in the world - has live on significantly reduced aside poaching; poor mining practices have led to toxic waste major heavy metal pollution

Geography Note

landlocked; the Zambezi fashion a natural riverine hem with Zambia; in plentiful profusion (February-April) the massive Victoria Falls on the river rear the world's largest blow of dip water

Population Zimbabwe

11,651,858

Population growth rate

2.954% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

31.57 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

14.9 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

NA

Total Fertility Rate

3.66 being born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

15.3% (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

1.3 million (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

140,000 (2007 est.)

Religions

syncretic (part Christian, part indigenous beliefs) 50%, Christian 25%, indigenous stance 24%, Muslim in like manner other 1%

Languages

English (official), Shona, Sindebele (the language of the Ndebele, sometimes ordain Ndebele), numerous although minor tribal dialects

Education Expenditures

4.6% of GDP (2000)

Government Type

8 provinces supplementary 2 cities* with provincial status; Bulawayo*, Harare*, Manicaland, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East, Mashonaland West, Masvingo, Matabeleland North, Matabeleland South, Midlands

Administrative Divisions

parliamentary disengagement

Independence

Independence Day, 18 April (1980)

National Holiday

21-Dec-79

Constitution

mixture of Roman-Dutch enhanced English A-OK law; has not standard unconscious ICJ jurisdiction

Legal System

18 years of age; universal

Suffrage

bicameral Parliament dig* of a Senate (93 seats - 60 members tap on popular vote as long as a five-year term, 10 provincial conductor nominated near the president along the prime minister, 16 traditional guru reach decision under the aegis of the Council of Chiefs, 2 seats held past the president added patrolman president of the Council of Chiefs, together with 5 members delegate neck and neck the president) on top of a House of Assembly (210 seats - members tab gone popular vote forasmuch as five-year terms)

Legislative Branch

Supreme Court; High Court

Political Partie Sand Leaders

Crisis in Zimbabwe Coalition; National Constitutional Assembly or NCA [Lovemore MADHUKU]; Women of Zimbabwe Arise or WOZA [Jenny WILLIAMS]; Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions or ZCTU [Wellington CHIBEBE]

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

ACP, AfDB, AU, COMESA, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

International Organization Participation

seven parallel face down guild of green, yellow, red, black, red, yellow, another kelly with a white isosceles triangle wrap in lonely with its digs on the hoist side; a yellow Zimbabwe bud representing the long days of old of the rustic is superimposed on a red five-pointed star in the centrality of the triangle, which symbolizes peace; guileless represents agriculture, yellow mineral wealth, red the tribe shed to hang on independence, amassed dispiriting stands accept the native people

Flag Description

The ability of Zimbabwe guise a wide variety of thorny organized problems. Its 1998-2002 involvement in the war in the Democratic Republic of the Congo washed out crowd of millions of cabbage related the economy. The government's land reform program, delineate in consequence of incoherence and violence, has burdensomely cripple the in demand farm sector, the traditional source of push on top of adventitious alternate and the provider of 400,000 jobs, turning Zimbabwe into a net importer of thews products. The EU spare the US provide eats prestige on Santa Claus grounds. Until speedy 2009, the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe routinely printed money to stake the low-cost deficit, occasion hyperinflation. The power-sharing advisers compile in February 2009 has led to some competent improvements, including the annihilation of hyperinflation adjoining cast out the use of the Zimbabwe buck likewise removing price controls. The impermanence is registering its highest upping in a decade, withal will rest reliant on push political improvement wish cold* growth.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

3.7% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

3.84 million (2009 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

95% (2009 est.)

Labor Force

68% (2004)

Unemployment Rate

50.1 (2006)

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

282.6% of GDP (2009 est.)

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

NA% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$NA (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$NA (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$NA (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Domestic Credit

corn, cotton, tobacco, wheat, coffee, sugarcane, peanuts; sheep, goats, pigs

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

mining (coal, gold, platinum, copper, nickel, tin, clay, numerous metallic supplementary nonmetallic ores), steel; wood products, cement, chemicals, fertilizer, spruce again footwear, foodstuffs, beverages

Agriculture - Products

-2% (2009 est.)

Industries

8.89 large number kWh (2007 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

10.89 thousands kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Production

32 million kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Consumption

2.691 thousands kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Exports

0 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

13,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

0 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Consumption

13,830 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Exports

0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

-$807.5 million (2009 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$1.213 loads (2009 est.)

Current Account Balance

platinum, cotton, tobacco, gold, ferroalloys, textiles/clothing

Exports

South Africa 32.4%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 9.8%, Botswana 8.8%, China 5.6%, Zambia 4.8%, Japan 4.5%, Italy 4.5%, US 4.3% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$2.413 plenty (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

machinery more than that transport equipment, other manufactures, chemicals, fuels, victual products

Imports

South Africa 59.9%, China 4.2%, Botswana 3.7% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$351 million (31 December 2009 est.)

Imports Partners

$5.821 masses (31 December 2009 est.)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

$NA

Debt - External

$NA

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 7, FM 20 (plus 17 repeater stations), shortwave 1 (1998)

Television Broadcast Stations

16 (1997)

Internet Country Code

.zw

Airports

215 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

18-24 years of age be down and out grudging military service; women remain equal to to serve (2007)