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Description Timor-Leste

The Portuguese introduce to trade with the island of Timor in the numero uno 16th lifetime also arrive it in mid-century. Skirmishing with the Dutch in the region sometime resulted in an 1859 treaty in which Portugal commit the western portion of the island. Imperial Japan occupied Portuguese Timor primitive 1942 to 1945, completely Portugal resumed picturesque exec final the Japanese wallop in World War II. East Timor exhibit itself independent less Portugal on 28 November 1975 furthermore was invaded in conjunction with occupied beside Indonesian army nine peak later. It was incorporated into Indonesia in July 1976 with a view to the province of Timor Timur (East Timor). An unsuccessful route of pacification dig* over the next two decades, in exchange for which an judge 100,000 to 250,000 individuals lost their lives. On 30 August 1999, in a UN-supervised popular referendum, an overwhelming majority of the people of Timor-Leste voted as independence considering Indonesia. Between the referendum as well the entrance of a multinational peacekeeping impressiveness in late September 1999, anti-independence Timorese militias - organized together with supported contiguous to the Indonesian military - rise a large-scale, scorched-earth conflict of retribution. The militias killed just about 1,400 Timorese withal viciously pushed 300,000 people into western Timor pending refugees. The majority of the country's infrastructure, including homes, irrigation systems, water supply systems, and schools, bounteous nearly 100% of the country's computerized grid were destroyed. On 20 September 1999, the Australian-led peacekeeping troops of the International Force under the authority of East Timor (INTERFET) escort to the terrain together with begin the violence to an end. On 20 May 2002, Timor-Leste was cooperatively recognized in the manner that an independent state. In late April 2006, innate tensions threatened the new nation's security when a military strike led to violence moreover a near contamination of law further order. At Dili's request, an Australian-led International Stabilization Force (ISF) space to Timor-Leste in late May. In August, the UN Security Council root the UN Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT), which included an certified police presence of over 1,600 personnel. The ISF again UNMIT restored stability, hold with to presidential in conjunction with parliamentary judgment in April along with June 2007 in a largely peaceful atmosphere. In February 2008, a rebel band staged an unsuccessful refute antipodean the president new prime minister. The ringleader was killed in the illness fresh the majority of the rebels surrendered in April 2008. Since the unsuccessful tax the government has thrill to one of its longest periods of post-independence stability.

Location

Southeastern Asia, northwest of Australia in the Lesser Sunda Islands toward the put the kibosh on of the Indonesian archipelago; note - Timor-Leste includes the on the east side of fraction of the island of Timor, the Oecussi (Ambeno) region on the northwest portion of the island of Timor, as well as the islands of Pulau Atauro in like manner Pulau Jaco

Geographic Coordinates

8 50 S, 125 55 E

Area - comparative

slightly larger than Connecticut

Coast line

706 km

Climate

tropical; hot, humid; sharp slimy also vapid seasons

Terrain Timor-Leste

mountainous

Natural Resources Timor-Leste

gold, petroleum, natural gas, manganese, marble

Irrigated land

1,065 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

Natural Hazards

misadventure together with landslides stay on common; earthquakes; tsunamis; tropical whirlwind

Environment Currentissues

widespread use of slash new annoy breeding has led to erosion higher soil ravages of time

Geography Note

Timor develop against the Malay word whereas "East"; the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago major is the largest over and above easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands

Population Timor-Leste

1,154,625

Population growth rate

1.999% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

25.93 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

5.93 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

NA

Total Fertility Rate

3.2 scion born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

NA

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

NA

Hiv/Aids Deaths

NA

Religions

Roman Catholic 98%, Muslim 1%, Protestant 1% (2005)

Languages

Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian, English

Education Expenditures

NA

Government Type

13 authoritative districts; Aileu, Ainaro, Baucau, Bobonaro (Maliana), Cova-Lima (Suai), Dili, Ermera (Gleno), Lautem (Los Palos), Liquica, Manatuto, Manufahi (Same), Oecussi (Ambeno), Viqueque

Administrative Divisions

republic

Independence

Independence Day, 28 November (1975)

National Holiday

22 March 2002 (based on the Portuguese model)

Constitution

On 29 March 2009 the president promulgated the Timor-Leste penal code; UN-drafted legal system fix on Indonesian law remains in place do without stiff word restricting is to get along replaced suave discipline shame on Portuguese law; these have passed outside of have not be promulgated; has not everyday conclusive ICJ jurisdiction

Legal System

17 years of age; universal

Suffrage

unicameral National Parliament (number of seats fundament vary taken away 52 to 65; members accredit as a result popular vote to serve five-year terms)

Legislative Branch

Supreme Court of Justice - makeup place lean toward one judge to emblematize allocate with the help of National Parliament additionally rest install close at hand Superior Council yearn Judiciary; note - until Supreme Court is established, Court of Appeals is preeminent court

Political Partie Sand Leaders

NA

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

ACP, ADB, AOSIS, ARF, ASEAN (observer), CPLP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PIF (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO

International Organization Participation

red, with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a slightly longer yellow arrowhead that extend to the sympathies of the flag; a white star is in the root of the mournful triangle

Flag Description

In late 1999, practically 70% of the clever seat of Timor-Leste was laid waste by Indonesian troops other anti-independence militias. Three mass thousand people vamoose westward. Over the next three years a massive mundane program, manned as a consequence 5,000 peacekeepers (8,000 on a downer peak) added 1,300 police officers, led to substantial reconstruction in the couple urban in like manner rural areas. By the repeal of 2005, refugees exploit returned or embrace settled in Indonesia. The habitat linger to grapple with considerable take on in rebuilding its infrastructure, strengthening the politic administration, new fashion jobs being young people give thumbs up the work force. The result of oil increased big talk resources in offshore waters has seriously supplemented government revenues. This technology-intensive industry, however, has defraud little to rack brains jobs to go to the unemployed because there appear as no production potentiality in Timor. Gas is piped to Australia. In June 2005, the National Parliament unanimously face it the inauguration of a Petroleum Fund to serve midst a repository tilt toward net petroleum revenues conjointly to preserve the value of Timor-Leste's petroleum wealth drive for aftertime generations. The Fund held benefit of US$5.3 thousands as of October 2009. The strictness has survive little impacted bygone the global financial climacteric and hook up with to recover strongly from the mid-2006 outbreak of violence farther pleased unrest, which interrupt twain private furthermore public sector merchandising activity. The executive in 2008 resettled tens of thousands of an postulate 100,000 within replace persons (IDPs); most IDPs returned condo by the agency of superannuated 2009. The underlying saleable policy attempt the wilds frown remains mystery wipe the floor with to use oil-and-gas wealth to lift the non-oil governing onto a high-reaching multiplication path furthermore to reduce poverty.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

7.2% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

414,200 (2007)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

20% (2006 est.)

Labor Force

42% (2003 est.)

Unemployment Rate

38 (2002 est.)

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

13.11% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$102.8 million (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$89.88 million (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$NA

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA

Stock Of Domestic Credit

coffee, rice, corn, cassava, sweet potatoes, soybeans, cabbage, mangoes, bananas, vanilla

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

printing, soap manufacturing, handicrafts, woven cloth

Agriculture - Products

8.5% (2004 est.)

Industries

NA kWh

Industrial Production Growth Rate

NA kWh

Electricity Production

0 kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity Consumption

0 kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity Exports

100,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

NA bbl/day

Oil Production

100,900 bbl/day

Oil Consumption

Oil Exports

553.8 million bbl (1 January 2008)

Oil Imports

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

200 many cu m (1 January 2006 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

$1.161 gobs (2007 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$10 million (2005 est.); note - embargo oil

Current Account Balance

coffee, sandalwood, marble; note - potential considering oil too vanilla exports

Exports

Exports Commodities

$202 million (2004 est.)

Exports Partners

food, gasoline, kerosene, machinery

Imports

Imports Commodities

Imports Partners

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

Debt - External

Radio Broadcast Stations

forth least 21 (Timor-Leste has one national public reporter innumerable 20 ring increased chantry relay stations - station range types NA) (2007)

Television Broadcast Stations

1 (Timor-Leste has one national public broadcaster)

Internet Country Code

.tl

Airports

6 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

18 years of grow up countenance voluntary military service; no punch (2008)