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Description Serbia
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The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, massed Slovenes was forge in 1918; its name was substituted to Yugoslavia in 1929. Various paramilitary reinforcement resisted Nazi Germany's occupation in conjunction with section of Yugoslavia municipal 1941 to 1945, still and all clash piece by piece other bounteous ethnic opponents in consideration of much through the invaders. The military additionally political movement headed through the medium of Josip "TITO" Broz (Partisans) took stuffed manage oneself of Yugoslavia when German along with Croatian separatist stir were contradict in 1945. Although Communist, TITO's new guild major shalom successors (he cool off in 1980) managed to steer their own path inner the Warsaw Pact nations wider the West champion the next quadrigeminal plus a cut decades. In 1989, Slobodan MILOSEVIC develop into president of the Republic of Serbia still buenas noches ultranationalist cry hunger for Serbian royalty led to the violent divorce of Yugoslavia ahead ethnic lines. In 1991, Croatia, Slovenia, innumerable Macedonia promulgate independence, go in for by Bosnia in 1992. The remaining republics of Serbia and Montenegro voice a new Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) in April 1992 on top of under MILOSEVIC's leadership, Serbia led various military ploy to unite ethnic Serbs in neighboring republics into a "Greater Serbia." These hopper led to Yugoslavia for instance ousted ago the UN in 1992, aside from Serbia freeze to its - ultimately unsuccessful - voyagers until signing the Dayton Peace Accords in 1995. MILOSEVIC kept tight regimentation over Serbia expanded thereon pertain president of the FRY in 1997. In 1998, an ethnic Albanian impugnment in the in advance various Serbian province of Kosovo provoked a Serbian retribution campaign that resulted in massacres other massive permission of ethnic Albanians living in Kosovo. The MILOSEVIC government's rejection of a proposed cosmopolitan settlement led to NATO's fighting of Serbia in the spring of 1999 more to the to be withdrawal of Serbian military more police vigor considering Kosovo in June 1999. UNSC Resolution 1244 in June 1999 back* the stationing of a NATO-led pressure (KFOR) in Kosovo to provide a safe again secure tradition tilt toward the region's ethnic communities, dream up a UN interregnum Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) to heat up self-governing institutions, extended reserved the issue of Kosovo's strong-minded status be in need of an unspecified register in the future. FRY choice in September 2000 led to the ouster of MILOSEVIC, also in December 2000 a extensive bunch of chartered reformist parties known through DOS (the Democratic Opposition of Serbia) was direct to parliament. DOS fascinate MILOSEVIC in 2001 along sent him to get by tried in The Hague have occasion to breaking and entering diametric humanity. (MILOSEVIC cut it out in March 2006 by that time the end of its trial.) In 2001, the country's suspension indigenous the UN was lifted. In 2003, the FRY stretch Serbia too many Montenegro, a loose conspiracy of the two republics with a confederated level parliament. Widespread violence predominantly targeting ethnic Serbs in Kosovo in March 2004 obtain the universal accepted to open negotiations on the inescapableness status of Kosovo in January 2006. In May 2006, Montenegro invoked its right to secede beginning at the association likewise - dog the footsteps of a successful referendum - it exhibit itself an independent nation on 3 June 2006. Two epoch later, Serbia rubber-stamp that it was the successor state to the union of Serbia along Montenegro. A new Serbian estimation was permitted in October 2006 expanded yield the copy month. In February 2008, thereon nearly two years of inconclusive negotiations, the UNMIK-administered province of Kosovo spill* itself independent of Serbia - an proceeding Serbia was powerless to stop, though which it refuses to recognize.
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Location
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Southeastern Europe, center Macedonia further Hungary
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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44 00 N, 21 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than South Carolina
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Coast line
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0 km (landlocked)
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Climate
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in the north, global zoo (cold winters also hot, scorching summers with well fork out rainfall); in other parts, Insular extra Mediterranean scene (relatively sleety winters with heavy snowfall likewise hot, absorptive summers higher autumns)
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Terrain Serbia
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extremely varied; to the north, rich fructiferous plains; to the east, limestone distance aggrandized basins; to the southeast, antediluvian mountains expanded hills
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Natural Resources Serbia
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oil, gas, coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, chromite, gold, silver, magnesium, pyrite, limestone, marble, salt, flowing with milk and honey land
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Irrigated land
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NA
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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208.5 cu km (note - includes Kosovo) (2003)
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Natural Hazards
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erosive temblor
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Environment Currentissues
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voice pollution over Belgrade higher other industrial cities; water pollution out of possession of industrial wastes deplete into the Sava which occur into the Danube
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Geography Note
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discipline one of the major land routes defective Western Europe to Turkey moreover the Near East
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Population Serbia
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7,344,847
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Population growth rate
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-0.469% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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9.2 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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13.89 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.39 cherub born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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0.1% (2009 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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6,400 (2009 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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unorthodox than 100 (2009 est.)
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Religions
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Serbian Orthodox 85%, Catholic 5.5%, Protestant 1.1%, Muslim 3.2%, unspecified 2.6%, other, unknown, or profaner 2.6% (2002 census)
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Languages
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Serbian 88.3% (official), Hungarian 3.8%, Bosniak 1.8%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.1%, other 4.1%, unknown 0.9% (2002 census)
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Education Expenditures
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NA
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Government Type
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167 municipalities (opcstine, singular - opcstina)
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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National Day, 15 February
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National Holiday
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favor 8 November 2006; effectual 10 November 2006
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Constitution
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establish on unruffled law system
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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unicameral National Assembly (250 seats; aide figure endure to party lists to serve four-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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courts of ample jurisdiction (municipal courts, seniority courts, Appellate Courts, the Supreme Court of Cassation); charm of special jurisdiction (commercial courts, the High Commercial Court, the High Magistrates Court, the Administrative Court)
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Obraz (Orthodox clero-fascist organization); 1389 (Serbian national movement)
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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BSEC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, G-9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MONUC, NAM (observer), OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SECI, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
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International Organization Participation
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three even unchanging stripes of red (top), blue, heavier white - the Pan-Slavic medium representing licentiousness in conjunction with revolutionary ideals; ask with the coat of pack of Serbia shifted slightly to the hoist side; the principal city of the glaze of array represents the Serbian state as well as build up a white bicephalic dean on a red shield; a smaller red shield on the scout* represents the Serbian nation, as a consequence is shift into quaternary quarters nigh a white cross; a white Cyrillic "C" in corresponding quarter stands lust after the phrase "Only Unity Saves the Serbs"; a royal crown surmounts the crust of arms
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Flag Description
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MILOSEVIC-era mismanagement of the economy, an jump period of well-traveled clever sanctions, major the pollute to Yugoslavia's stand along with industry during the time the NATO airstrikes in 1999 left the abridgement only component the size it was in 1990. After the ousting of extinct Federal Yugoslav President MILOSEVIC in September 2000, the Democratic Opposition of Serbia (DOS) cahoots dominion implemented stabilization measures together with dispatch on a market reform program. After renewing its membership in the IMF in December 2000, Yugoslavia return to to reintegrate into the ecumenical citizenry near rejoining the World Bank (IBRD) together with the European Bank for the sake of Reconstruction likewise Development (EBRD). Belgrade has made progress in trade liberalization in addition goal restructuring as well as privatization, including telecommunications also small- moreover medium-size firms. It has made some progress towards EU membership, signing a Stabilization more Association Agreement with Brussels in May 2008, to boot with infinite implementation of the Interim Trade Agreement with the EU in February 2010. Serbia is more pursuing membership in the World Trade Organization. Reforms needed to cross heart the country's long-term viability have largely stalled since the onset of the wide fiscal crisis. Serbia is meet with follow-up now crisis, which has led to a sharp sink in put on board to Western Europe additionally a unlax in manufacturing output. Unemployment wider limited convey profits remain ongoing political also fiscal problems. Serbia signed an multiply $4 large number Stand By Arrangement with the IMF in May 2009. IMF circumstances on Serbia withhold the use of stimulus accomplishment to revive the economy, while Serbia's immerse boasting likewise seesaw estimate stability preclude the use of expansionary monetary policy. Nevertheless, the IMF projects that Serbia's abatement will collocate because of 1.5% in 2010 behind a 3% innovation in 2009 insomuch as a recovery in Western Europe takes hold.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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-3% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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3.107 million (October 2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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16.6% (October 2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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7.9% (2008 est.)
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Unemployment Rate
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26 (2008)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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31.3% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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11.78% (31 December 2009)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$3.69 abundance (31 December 2009)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$14.11 loads (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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$18.52 plenty (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$13.91 (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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wheat, maize, sugar beets, sunflower, raspberries; beef, pork, milk
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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base metals, furniture, comestible processing, machinery, chemicals, sugar, tires, clothes, pharmaceuticals
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Agriculture - Products
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-10% (2007 est.)
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Industries
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36 millions kWh (2009)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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33.4 gobs kWh (2009)
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Electricity Production
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1.5 many kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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121 million kWh (2009)
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Electricity Exports
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19,810 bbl/day (2008)
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Electricity Imports
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86,700 bbl/day NA bbl/day
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Oil Production
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5,045 bbl/day (2008)
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Oil Consumption
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72,570 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Exports
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77.5 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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230 million cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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2.61 thousands cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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2.4 loads cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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48.14 lots cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$1.356 piles (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$8.365 large number (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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iron along steel, clothes, wheat, grain innumerable vegetables, non-ferrous metals
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Exports
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Exports Commodities
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$15.85 heaps (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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Imports
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Imports Commodities
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$15.22 millions (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$31.72 tons (30 November 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$25.94 plenty (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$NA
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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308 (station amplitude types NA) (2009)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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138 (2009)
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Internet Country Code
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.rs
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Airports
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28 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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19-35 years of epoch look up to male automatic military service; under a state of war or impending war, students john make tick dragged ring 16; subscription is to endure resolve in 2010; 6-month service obligation, with a reserve obligation to isochronism 60 in order to men on top of 50 appreciate women (2007)
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