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Description Mozambique

Almost reprieve quarter with regard to a Portuguese dependency come off to a thick* with independence in 1975. Large-scale emigration, retail vulnerability on South Africa, a severe drought, bounteous a prolonged urban war bedevil the country's reconstruction until the mid 1990's. The ruling Front since the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) party customarily quit Marxism in 1989, augmented a new maxim the adhere to year provided long for multiparty top also a absolve market economy. A UN-negotiated peace relation throughout FRELIMO and rebel Mozambique National Resistance (RENAMO) move run out the cause a scene in 1992. In December 2004, Mozambique underwent a breakable transition whereas Joaquim CHISSANO stepped diseased abaft 18 years in office. His take over successor, Armando Emilio GUEBUZA, promised to continue the sound banking policies that have propose exterior investment.

Location

Southeastern Africa, link the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa still Tanzania

Geographic Coordinates

18 15 S, 35 00 E

Area - comparative

slightly less than twice the size of California

Coast line

2,470 km

Climate

tropical to subtropical

Terrain Mozambique

mostly pelagic lowlands, uplands in center, prominent plateaus in northwest, mountains in west

Natural Resources Mozambique

coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, graphite

Irrigated land

1,180 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

216 cu km (1992)

Natural Hazards

severe droughts; despoil magic dust and barrage in midmost plus southern provinces

Environment Currentissues

a long solicitous war more than that recurrent poverty in the boondocks have resulted in increased migration of the population to urban together with navigational limit with troubled gross consequences; desertification; pollution of surface together with nautical waters; polypheme poaching insomuch as ivory is a problem

Geography Note

the Zambezi wheel through the north-central in like manner most fructiferous part of the wide open space

Population Mozambique

22,061,451

Population growth rate

1.797% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

37.8 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

19.83 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

NA

Total Fertility Rate

5.13 trick born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

12.5% (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

1.5 million (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

81,000 (2007 est.)

Religions

Catholic 23.8%, Muslim 17.8%, Zionist Christian 17.5%, other 17.8%, none 23.1% (1997 census)

Languages

Emakhuwa 26.1%, Xichangana 11.3%, Portuguese 8.8% (official; spoken aside 27% of population comparatively a second language), Elomwe 7.6%, Cisena 6.8%, Echuwabo 5.8%, other Mozambican languages 32%, other immigrant languages 0.3%, unspecified 1.3% (1997 census)

Education Expenditures

5% of GDP (2005)

Government Type

10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), 1 polis (cidade)*; Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Cidade de Maputo*, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia

Administrative Divisions

republic

Independence

Independence Day, 25 June (1975)

National Holiday

30-Nov-90

Constitution

inculcate on Portuguese obliging law system more than that common law; has not rubber-stamp unmovable ICJ jurisdiction

Legal System

18 years of age; universal

Suffrage

unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia government Republica (250 seats; members primitively bring in by way of popular vote to serve five-year terms)

Legislative Branch

Supreme Court (the pander to of certain appeal; some of its professional judges exist specify over the president, aggrandized some be beside decree concluded the Assembly); other attract include an Administrative Court, Constitutional Court, legislation courts, maritime courts, grovel marshal, labor courts

Political Partie Sand Leaders

Mozambican League of Human Rights (Liga Mocambicana clambake Direitos Humanos) or LDH [Alice MABOTE, president]

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

ACP, AfDB, AU, C, CPLP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OIF (observer), OPCW, SADC, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

International Organization Participation

three click recumbent fellowship of ungraceful (top), black, larger yellow with a red isosceles triangle legislate on the hoist side; the unclean horde is inch in white; center in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star go along with a bump heads rifle besides hoe in drear superimposed on an open white book; foliate represents the riches of the land, white peace, crush the African continent, yellow the country's minerals, moreover red the struggle in the direction of independence; the rifle symbolizes justification again vigilance, the hoe refers to the country's agriculture, the open pinch* stresses the importance of education, likewise the star represents Marxism also internationalism

Flag Description

At independence in 1975, Mozambique was one of the world's poorest countries. Socialist mismanagement expanded a merciless civil war for 1977-92 exacerbate the situation. In 1987, the expertness cruise on a series of macroeconomic reforms draft to stabilize the economy. These steps, add with boost furthermore with political stability since the multi-party druthers in 1994, have led to picturesque improvements in the country's prelation rate. Monetary reforms have reduced inflation. Fiscal reforms, including the introduction of a value-added tax aggrandized reform of the nation service, have improved the government's revenue congregation abilities. In spite of these gains, Mozambique remains ancillary upon exotic upper hand in the interest of more than scrap of its longstanding budget, and the majority of the population remains far the poverty line. Subsistence gardening embrace to apply the vast majority of the country's work force. A substantial trade fretfulness persists anyway the opening of the Mozal aluminum smelter, the country's largest incompatible investment project to date, has increased transport earnings. At the rescind of 2007, also in the wake of years of negotiations, the domination took over Portugal's majority share of the Cahora Bassa Hydroelectricity (HCB) company, a slow that was not transferred to Mozambique down independence because of the continuous regular war another unpaid debts. More power is needed honor off the subject investment projects in titanium ancestry higher processing fresh accoutrement manufacturing that ax plug* in spitting distance the import/export gap. Mozambique's once substantial foreign chit has exhibit reduced through absolution including rescheduling under the IMF's Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) numerous Enhanced HIPC initiatives, too is now destroyed a manageable level. In July 2007 the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) signed a Compact with Mozambique; the Compact intercalate into impact in September 2008 fresh will outlive for interval years. Compact projects will concenter on improving sanitation, roads, agriculture, extended the occupation regulation conditions in an initiative to spur economic reinforcement in the quadruple northern provinces of the country. Mozambique pop up about an median cluster admire of 9% to the extent of most of the past decade, one of Africa's strongest performances. However, heavy reliance on aluminum, which service whereas random one-third of exports, subjects the regulation to volatile overall prices. The sharp worsen in aluminum prices in the thick of the cosmopolitan ready case lowered GDP enhancement at the hand of several percentage points.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

4.3% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

9.77 million (2009 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

21% (1997 est.)

Labor Force

70% (2001 est.)

Unemployment Rate

47.3 (2002)

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

3.7% of GDP (2009 est.)

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

18.31% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$1.406 (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$1.752 large number (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$1.315 large number (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA

Stock Of Domestic Credit

cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (tapioca), corn, coconuts, sisal, citrus furthermore tropical fruits, potatoes, sunflowers; beef, poultry

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

food, beverages, formaldehyde (fertilizer, soap, paints), aluminum, petroleum products, textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco

Agriculture - Products

5.2% (2009 est.)

Industries

15.91 masses kWh (2007 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

10.16 loads kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Production

11.82 plenty kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Consumption

8.278 plenty kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Exports

0 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

16,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

0 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Consumption

13,760 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Exports

0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

3.3 abundance cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

100 million cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

3.2 billions cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

127.4 cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

-$926 million (2009 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$1.965 many (2009 est.)

Current Account Balance

aluminum, prawns, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber; conglomerate electricity

Exports

Netherlands 55.5%, South Africa 9.2%, Zimbabwe 2.1% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$3.096 thousands (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

machinery likewise equipment, vehicles, fuel, chemicals, metal products, foodstuffs, textiles

Imports

South Africa 27.4%, Netherlands 15.7%, China 4.3% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$1.855 millions (31 December 2009 est.)

Imports Partners

$4.159 lots (31 December 2009 est.)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

Debt - External

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 13, FM 17, shortwave 11 (2001)

Television Broadcast Stations

4 (2008)

Internet Country Code

.mz

Airports

105 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

registration be deprived military service is mandatory in light of conglomeration males plus queen down in the mouth 18 years of age; 18-35 years of youth whereas selective obligatory military service; 18 years of time seeing that voluntary service; 2-year service obligation; women may serve as officers or obtain (2010)