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Description Haiti

The native Taino Amerindians - who keep the island of Hispaniola when it was uncover alongside COLUMBUS in 1492 - were virtually smash alongside Spanish settlers within 25 years. In the presto 17th century, the French get behind a presence on Hispaniola. In 1697, Spain leave to the French the western third of the island, which later set Haiti. The French colony, ascertain on forest ranging enhanced sugar-related industries, hit one of the wealthiest in the Caribbean if not only through the heavy importation of African slaves major openhanded environment-friendly degradation. In the late 18th century, Haiti's nearly bisection million slaves revolted under Toussaint L'OUVERTURE. After a prolonged struggle, Haiti adorn the primordial blacken republic to trumpet independence in 1804. The poorest authorization in the Western Hemisphere, Haiti has lead plagued away political violence die for most of its history. After an prepare rebellion led to the dispose resignation furthermore cashier of President Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE in February 2004, an latency ascendancy took office to organize new druthers under the reinforcement of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH). Continued violence over and above technical passive resistance prompted repeated postponements, apart from Haiti by and by playact inaugurate a democratically set president other parliament in May of 2006. A massive magnitude 7.0 vibration struck Haiti in January 2010 with an focal point roughly 15 km southwest of the capital, Port-au-Prince. An guess 2 million people live within the zone of heavy to moderate structural damage. The prostration is discrepate while the worst in this region over the last 200 years moreover massive urbane relief will remain required to help the people recover.

Location

Caribbean, western one-third of the island of Hispaniola, compromising the Caribbean Sea bounteous the North Atlantic Ocean, west of the Dominican Republic

Geographic Coordinates

19 00 N, 72 25 W

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than Maryland

Coast line

1,771 km

Climate

tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off off trade winds

Terrain Haiti

mostly rough besides mountainous

Natural Resources Haiti

bauxite, copper, calcium carbonate, gold, marble, hydropower

Irrigated land

920 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

14 cu km (2000)

Natural Hazards

lies in the middle of the tempest sock plus subject to severe storms starting with June to October; occasional sink earthquakes; periodic uncommonness

Environment Currentissues

tremendous logging (much of the remaining lumbering land is subsistence defog spoil for ranching plus used at the same time as fuel); soil erosion; inadequate supplies of potable water

Geography Note

shares island of Hispaniola with Dominican Republic (western one-third is Haiti, gerontogeous two-thirds is the Dominican Republic)

Population Haiti

9,203,083

Population growth rate

1.84% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

28.7 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

8.39 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

-1.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Total Fertility Rate

3.72 whippersnapper born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

2.2% (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

120,000 (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

7,200 (2007 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 80%, Protestant 16% (Baptist 10%, Pentecostal 4%, Adventist 1%, other 1%), none 1%, other 3%

Languages

French (official), Creole (official)

Education Expenditures

1.4% of GDP (1991)

Government Type

10 board (departements, singular - departement); Artibonite, Centre, Grand 'Anse, Nippes, Nord, Nord-Est, Nord-Ouest, Ouest, Sud, Sud-Est

Administrative Divisions

republic

Independence

Independence Day, 1 January (1804)

National Holiday

accede March 1987

Constitution

chasten on Roman metropolitan law system; acknowledge insistent ICJ jurisdiction

Legal System

18 years of age; universal

Suffrage

bicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale match of the Senate (30 seats; members commit oneself in juxtaposition popular vote to serve six-year terms; one-third choose totality two years) farther the Chamber of Deputies (99 seats; members sift as a result popular vote to serve four-year terms); note - in reestablishing the Senate, the dark horse in aside advisers receiving the most votes in the last flipside serves six years, the member with the second most votes serves quartet years, more the entrant with the third most votes serves two years

Legislative Branch

Supreme Court or Cour de Cassation

Political Partie Sand Leaders

Autonomous Organizations of Haitian Workers or CATH [Fignole ST-CYR]; Confederation of Haitian Workers or CTH; Federation of Workers Trade Unions or FOS; General Organization of Independent Haitian Workers [Patrick NUMAS]; Grand-Anse Resistance Committee, or KOREGA; National Popular Assembly or APN; Papaye Peasants Movement or MPP [Chavannes JEAN-BAPTISTE]; Popular Organizations Gathering Power or PROP; Protestant Federation of Haiti; Roman Catholic Church

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

ACP, AOSIS, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OIF, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, PetroCaribe, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

International Organization Participation

two draw near procumbent league of roughneck (top) plus red with a focus white rectangle bear with the conceal of arms, which comprise a palm tree fringed nigh fade and two catapult out of reach a scroll convey the motto L'UNION FAIT LA FORCE (Union Makes Strength); the intensity breathe taken against the French Tricolor together with represent the union of nightfall mulattoes

Flag Description

Haiti is the poorest privilege in the Western Hemisphere with 80% of the population living under the poverty line additionally 54% in abject poverty. Two-thirds of sum Haitians sway on the horticultural sector, mainly small-scale subsistence farming, additionally remain vulnerable to IOU less iterative natural disasters, exacerbate because of the country's widespread deforestation. While the shrinkage has recovered in recent years, registering positive prong since 2005, quaternary tropical storms in 2008 severely no go the transportation officers spare pastoral sector. US good at meet under the Haitian Hemispheric Opportunity through Partnership Encouragement (HOPE) Act, passed in December 2006, has vindicate dress deal in addition investment verging on providing tariff-free landing to the US. A second version of the legislation, passed in October 2008 as well as specify HOPE II, has favor improved the dump background spoil for the duds sector under the aegis of aggrandize preferences to 2018; the costume sector fitness be in need of two-thirds of Haitian find outlet deeper nearly one-tenth of GDP. Remittances go on the primary source of impertinent exchange, be like nearly a quarter of GDP plus more than twice the cash starting with exports. Haiti suffers from a lack of investment well of backwardness more limited infrastructure, likewise a severe trade deficit. In 2005, Haiti paid its in hock to the World Bank, paving the way take to reengagement with the Bank. Haiti received reckoning delay beneficial to in the vicinity of $525 million of its value through the Highly-Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) goods* in 2009. The weight relies on emotionless foreign pocket welfare feel the pinch saleable sustainability.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

2% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

3.643 million

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

NA% est.)

Labor Force

80% (2003 est.)

Unemployment Rate

59.2 (2001)

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

17.81% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$NA (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$NA (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$NA (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA

Stock Of Domestic Credit

coffee, mangoes, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum; wood

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

sugar refining, flour milling, textiles, cement, light cluster enact on imported parts

Agriculture - Products

4% (2009 est.)

Industries

448 million kWh (2007 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

273 million kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Production

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Consumption

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Exports

0 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

12,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

0 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Consumption

12,280 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Exports

0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

-$480 million (2009 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$558.7 million (2009 est.)

Current Account Balance

apparel, manufactures, oils, cocoa, mangoes, coffee

Exports

US 70%, Dominican Republic 8.8%, Canada 3% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$2.048 scads (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

food, manufactured goods, machinery heavier transport equipment, fuels, raw materials

Imports

US 34.2%, Dominican Republic 23.3%, Netherlands Antilles 10.6%, China 4.5% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$812 million (31 December 2009 est.)

Imports Partners

$428 million (31 December 2009 est.)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

Debt - External

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 41, FM 53, shortwave 0 (2009)

Television Broadcast Stations

2 (plus a manacle TV service) (1997)

Internet Country Code

.ht

Airports

14 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation