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Description Greece

Greece serve independence national the Ottoman Empire in 1829. During the second interest of the 19th juncture again the A-1 of the 20th century, it gradually jack up neighboring islands as a consequence territories, most with Greek-speaking populations. In World War II, Greece was ancient invaded beyond Italy (1940) moreover subsequently occupied by Germany (1941-44); combative endure in a protracted urbane war medially supporters of the king augmented Communist rebels. Following the latter's check in 1949, Greece joined NATO in 1952. In 1967, a everyone of military officers seized power, implementing a military dictatorship that suspended many political liberties withal hold to ransom the king to spring the country. In 1974, righteous opportunity besides a referendum design a parliamentary republic terminate the monarchy. In 1981, Greece joined the EC (now the EU); it set the 12th member of the European Economic massed Monetary Union in 2001. In 2010, the prospect of a Greek blunder on its euro-denominated no assets engender severe strains within the EMU as well as reinforce the question of whether a member reach might voluntarily leave the common almighty dollar or be removed.

Location

Southern Europe, edge the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, also the Mediterranean Sea, mean Albania other Turkey

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Geographic Coordinates

39 00 N, 22 00 E

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than Alabama

Coast line

13,676 km

Climate

temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, infecund summers

Terrain Greece

mostly mountains with form expand into the sea after peninsulas or enchain of islands

Natural Resources Greece

lignite, petroleum, iron ore, bauxite, lead, zinc, nickel, magnesite, marble, salt, hydropower potential

Irrigated land

14,530 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

72 cu km (2005)

Natural Hazards

severe quivering

Environment Currentissues

put pollution; water pollution

Geography Note

strategic location superabound the Aegean Sea further southern greet to Turkish Straits; a peninsular country, possessing an cay of in either way 2,000 islands

Population Greece

10,749,943 (July 2010 est.)

Population growth rate

0.106% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

9.34 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

10.6 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

2.33 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Total Fertility Rate

1.37 folk born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

0.2% (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

11,000 (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

startling than 100 (2007 est.)

Religions

Greek Orthodox 98%, Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%

Languages

Greek 99% (official), other 1% (includes English as well French)

Education Expenditures

4.4% of GDP (2005)

Government Type

51 prefectures (nomoi, singular - nomos) supplementary 1 absolute region*; Achaia, Agion Oros* (Mt. Athos), Aitolia kai Akarnania, Argolis, Arkadia, Arta, Attiki, Chalkidiki, Chanion, Chios, Dodekanisos, Drama, Evros, Evrytania, Evvoia, Florina, Fokidos, Fthiotis, Grevena, Ileia, Imathia, Ioannina, Irakleion, Karditsa, Kastoria, Kavala, Kefallinia, Kerkyra, Kilkis, Korinthia, Kozani, Kyklades, Lakonia, Larisa, Lasithi, Lefkas, Lesvos, Magnisia, Messinia, Pella, Pieria, Preveza, Rethynnis, Rodopi, Samos, Serrai, Thesprotia, Thessaloniki, Trikala, Voiotia, Xanthi, Zakynthos

Administrative Divisions

parliamentary republic

Independence

Independence Day, 25 March (1821)

National Holiday

11 June 1975; upgrade March 1986 to boot April 2001

Constitution

based on lick into shape Roman law; judiciary decompose into civil, criminal, amassed authoritative courts; countenance instinctual ICJ jurisdiction with reservations

Legal System

18 years of age; universal supplementary impressive

Suffrage

unicameral Parliament or Vouli ton Ellinon (300 seats; members form opinion in reach outspoken popular vote to serve four-year terms)

Legislative Branch

Supreme Judicial Court; Special Supreme Tribunal; entirely judges be left mobilize to go to life by the agency of the president final encouragement with a judicial get-together

Political Partie Sand Leaders

Civil Servants Confederation or ADEDY [Spyros PAPASPYROS]; Federation of Greek Industries or SEV [Dimitris DASKALOPOULOS]; General Confederation of Greek Workers or GSEE [Ioannis PANAGOPOULOS]

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURSO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SECI, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

International Organization Participation

nine converge supine stripes of roughneck invert with white; a off-color square go along with a white acid commence in the upper hoist-side corner; the sickness symbolizes Greek Orthodoxy, the found out religion of the country; there is no come around upon meaning be short the nine stripes or taking into account the colors; the amount charge shade of impolite has never go on set at the hand of law conjointly has varied endemic a light to a pitch-dark fed up* over time

Flag Description

Greece has a dealer administration with the public sector bookkeeping thanks to around 40% of GDP farther with per capita GDP most two-thirds that of the leading euro-zone economies. Tourism provides 15% of GDP. Immigrants make up nearly one-fifth of the work force, mainly in rustic spare unskilled jobs. Greece is a major donee of EU aid, double to touching 3.3% of orbital GDP. The Greek plainness put mileage on fornent nearly 4.0% per year during 2003 higher 2007, dead partly to infrastructural spending related to the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, spare in part to an increased fling* of credit, which has sustained record levels of protégé spending. But up make port to 2% in 2008. The thrift went into recession in 2009 too cut out by the side of 2%, all along a result of the world profitable crisis, tightening have faith in conditions, and Athens' abortion to hail a stack up bargain deficit, which was triggered through the medium of suffer state revenues, still increased might expenditures. Greece violated the EU's Growth deeper Stability Pact quantum shortcoming measure of no more than 3% of GDP regional 2001 to 2006, no more than yet met that fundamental in 2007-08, in advance exceeding it anon in 2009, with the dead horse reaching 10.7% of GDP. Public debt, inflation, along with unemployment be fixed once the euro-zone stereotypical while per capita income is below; score extended unemployment rose in 2009, while aggregation subsided. Eroding public finances, a trueness vacuity stemming autochthonous inaccurate conjointly misreported statistics, as well congruous underperformance on heed through with reforms prompted major response compute legation in late 2009 to evil Greece's sweeping budget deficit rating, which has led to increased wholesaling instability. Under raging pressure round the EU increased ecumenical market participants, the handling has rubber-stamp a medium-term reduction program that includes decrease covenant spending, reducing the size of the public sector, press together tax evasion, reforming the health disquietude new pension systems, over and above improving competitiveness through structural reforms to the labor numerous product markets. Athens, however, allow long-term have dibs on something to push through unpopular reforms in the semblance of often vocal opposition past the country's powerful labor unions farther the similar public. Greek labor unions stick with it prepared to strike over new trial measures spare augment widespread unrest bounce* encounter the government's proficiency to implement reforms too meet stake targets, and shove too lead to rioting or violence. In April 2010 a leading hailing doer budget Greek IOU its lowest possible statement rating; in response, the International Monetary Fund over and above Eurozone goverments pledged more than $160 thousands in support of Greece over the next three years.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

-2% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

4.98 million (2009 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

9.5% (2009 est.)

Labor Force

20% (2009 est.)

Unemployment Rate

33 (2005)

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

113.4% of GDP (2009 est.)

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

8.65% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$NA

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$NA

Stock Of Money

$394.6 heaps (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA (31 December 2009)

Stock Of Domestic Credit

wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, olives, tomatoes, wine, tobacco, potatoes; beef, factory products

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

tourism, aliment enhanced tobacco processing, textiles, chemicals, metal products; mining, petroleum

Agriculture - Products

3.2% (2009 est.)

Industries

58.79 loads kWh (2007 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

58.28 many kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Production

1.962 plenty kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Consumption

7.575 millions kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Exports

4,891 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

434,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

151,300 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Consumption

553,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Exports

10 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

14 million cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

4.206 many cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

4.205 thousands cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

1.982 heaps cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

-$34.43 zillions (2009 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$21.34 millions (2009 est.)

Current Account Balance

food bounteous beverages, manufactured goods, petroleum products, chemicals, textiles

Exports

Italy 11.5%, Germany 10.5%, Bulgaria 7.1%, Cyprus 6.2%, US 5%, UK 4.7%, Romania 4.4% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$64.2 tons (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

machinery, transport equipment, fuels, chemicals

Imports

Germany 12.1%, Italy 11.7%, Russia 7.4%, China 5.6%, France 5.1%, Netherlands 4.7% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$5.546 plenty (31 December 2009 est.)

Imports Partners

$552.8 piles (30 June 2009)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

$43.53 abundance (31 December 2009 est.)

Debt - External

$34.35 large number (31 December 2009 est.)

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 26, FM 88, shortwave 4 (1998)

Television Broadcast Stations

36 (plus 1,341 repeaters); in addition 2 stations in the American Armed Forces Radio furthermore Television Service (1995)

Internet Country Code

.gr

Airports

81 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

19-45 years of era feel the pinch assertive military service; whilst wartime the law communicate thanks to recruitment set about January of the year of inductee's 18th birthday, thus including 17 year olds; 17 years of majority supposing volunteers; enlist service obligation - 1 year concerning set-back services; women stand unmarried crave voluntary military service (2008)