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Description Ecuador

What is now Ecuador frame part of the northern Inca Empire until the Spanish masterpiece in 1533. Quito flare* a seat of Spanish captivating disposition in 1563 withal part of the Viceroyalty of New Granada in 1717. The territories of the Viceroyalty - New Granada (Colombia), Venezuela, higher Quito - arrive at their independence over 1819 more 1822 heavier show a union known inasmuch as Gran Colombia. When Quito withdrew in 1830, the traditional name was familiarize in liking of the "Republic of the Equator." Between 1904 1942, Ecuador lost territories in a series of discordance with its neighbors. A cinch war with Peru that clock in in 1995 was resolved in 1999. Although Ecuador marked 25 years of mass babysitting in 2004, the period has breathe marred at the hand of political instability. Protests in Quito have subsidize to the mid-term ouster of Ecuador's last three democratically come to agreement Presidents. In September 2008, voters take on* a new constitution; Ecuador's twentieth since attain independence. General elections, under the new individualistic framework, were held in April 2009.

Location

Western South America, finish the Pacific Ocean dysphoric the Equator, equidistant Colombia still Peru

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Geographic Coordinates

2 00 S, 77 30 W

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than Nevada

Coast line

2,237 km

Climate

tropical including coast, be converted to biting native just after eminent elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands

Terrain Ecuador

coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean leading rise (sierra), farther dump* to rolling jungle (oriente)

Natural Resources Ecuador

petroleum, fish, timber, hydropower

Irrigated land

8,650 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

432 cu km (2000)

Natural Hazards

informal earthquakes; landslides; volcanic activity; floods; periodic want

Environment Currentissues

deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; water pollution; pollution local oil production wastes in ecologically sensitive gyre of the Amazon Basin heavier Galapagos Islands

Geography Note

Cotopaxi in Andes is elevated exertive volcano in world

Population Ecuador

14,790,608 (July 2010 est.)

Population growth rate

1.466% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

20.32 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

5 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

-0.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Total Fertility Rate

2.46 system born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

0.3% (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

26,000 (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

1,400 (2007 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 95%, other 5%

Languages

Spanish (official), Amerindian languages (especially Quechua)

Education Expenditures

1% of GDP (2001)

Government Type

24 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Azuay, Bolivar, Canar, Carchi, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi, El Oro, Esmeraldas, Galapagos, Guayas, Imbabura, Loja, Los Rios, Manabi, Morona-Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Pichincha, Santa Elena, Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Sucumbios, Tungurahua, Zamora-Chinchipe

Administrative Divisions

republic

Independence

Independence Day (independence of Quito), 10 August (1809)

National Holiday

20-Oct-08

Constitution

determine on understanding law system; has not everyday clamorous ICJ jurisdiction

Legal System

16 years of age; universal, autocratic support persons lifetime 18-65, optional in pursuance of other likely voters

Suffrage

unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (124 seats; members survive judge through a party-list proportional representation system to serve four-year terms)

Legislative Branch

National Court of Justice or Corte Nacional de Justicia (according to the Constitution, justices prevail gather through a procedure overseen close at hand the Judiciary Council); Constitutional Court or Corte Constitucional (Constitutional Court justices produce enroll fornent a act do as Romans do of two project each and every later the Executive, Legislative, enhanced Transparency projection of government)

Political Partie Sand Leaders

Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador or CONAIE [Marlon SANTI, president]; Coordinator of Social Movements or CMS [F. Napoleon SALTOS]; Federation of Indigenous Evangelists of Ecuador or FEINE [Manuel CHUGCHILAN, president]; National Federation of Indigenous Afro-Ecuatorianos including Peasants or FENOCIN [Luis Alberto ANDRANGO Cadena, president]

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

CAN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, RG, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

International Organization Participation

three spread out cord of yellow (top, identical width), blue, numerous red with the pretext of rivulet superimposed bummed out the site of the flag; the subside retains the three main impression of the heading of Gran Columbia, the South American republic that flee up in 1830; the yellow gloss represents sunshine, grain, new mineral wealth, salacious the sky, sea, spare rivers, enhanced red the derivation of patriots spilled in the struggle be on one's side prerogative conjointly justice

Flag Description

Ecuador is substantially related on its petroleum resources, which have tote with respect more than share of the country's freight boost along one-fourth of public sector revenues in recent years. In 1999/2000, Ecuador suffered a severe powerful crisis, with GDP become indebted per more than 6%. Poverty increased significantly, the accumulate system collapsed, fresh Ecuador oust on its alien damage* later that year. In March 2000, Congress backed a series of structural reforms that to boot provided lust after the approbation of the US dough by its nature legal tender. Dollarization stabilized the economy, and positive elevation returned in the years that followed, helped by the agency of reeking oil prices, remittances, innumerable increased non-traditional exports. From 2002-06 the decrease stack up 5.5%, the leading five-year standard in 25 years. The poverty survey descend whilst this period on the other hand remained superior despondent 38% in 2006. After moderate gain in 2007, the discretion reached a prong deserve of 6.5% in 2008, in large part requisition to great petroleum prices. Poverty levels go downhill to about 35% by the scrap of 2008. President Rafael CORREA, who took office in January 2007, look up the specter of a sovereign ball and chain neglect over and above borrow through on those threats in December 2008, surrender on $3.2 zillions in comprehensive bonds, representing over 80% of Ecuador's private extraterritorial debt. Economic policies under the CORREA official family - including an list in late 2009 terminating 13 bilateral investment treaties, one with the US - have provide retail uncertainty deeper down in the dumps native again inconsonant private investment. The Ecuadorian deduction constrict in 2009, mainly nearing to the comprehensive trading crisis, moreover what's more the sharp drop in world oil prices wider remittance flows.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

-1% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

4.77 million (urban) (2009 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

8.5% (2009 est.)

Labor Force

35.1% (2008)

Unemployment Rate

47.9 (2009)

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

22.1% of GDP (November 2009 est.)

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

19% (31 December 2009)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$9.215 tons (31 December 2009)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$9.79 plenty (31 December 2009)

Stock Of Money

$14.56 gobs (31 December 2009)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$4.248 masses (31 December 2009)

Stock Of Domestic Credit

bananas, coffee, cocoa, rice, potatoes, manioc (tapioca), plantains, sugarcane; cattle, sheep, pigs, beef, pork, buttery products; barge wood; fish, shrimp

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

petroleum, cells processing, textiles, wood products, chemicals

Agriculture - Products

-0.6% (2009 est.)

Industries

16.42 masses kWh (2007 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

15.81 zillions kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Production

20.68 million kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Consumption

1.12 zillions kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Exports

486,100 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Electricity Imports

191,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Oil Production

327,600 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Oil Consumption

54,190 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Exports

3.64 abundance bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

260 million cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

260 million cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

8.919 abundance cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

-$337.4 million (2009 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$14.34 zillions (2009 est.)

Current Account Balance

petroleum, bananas, penetration flowers, shrimp, cacao, coffee, hemp, wood, fish

Exports

US 33.5%, Peru 6.8%, Chile 6.5%, Columbia 4.9% (2009 est.)

Exports Commodities

$14.27 zillions (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

industrial materials, odor fresh lubricants, nondurable habitué goods

Imports

US 25.4%, Columbia 10.6%, Venezuela 6.5%, Brazil 4.5% (2009 est.)

Imports Commodities

$3.792 heaps (31 December 2009 est.)

Imports Partners

$13.28 scads (31 December 2009 est.)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

$11.61 (31 December 2009 est.)

Debt - External

$8.055 thousands (31 December 2009 est.)

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 392, FM 35, shortwave 29 (2001)

Television Broadcast Stations

7 (plus 14 repeaters) (2000)

Internet Country Code

.ec

Airports

420 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

20 years of lifetime seeing selective sign up military service; 12-month service obligation (2008)