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Description Bulgaria
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The Bulgars, a Central Asian Turkic tribe, merged with the local Slavic holder in the late 7th interim to cut the cardinal Bulgarian state. In succeeding centuries, Bulgaria struggled with the Byzantine Empire to come clean its place in the Balkans, but with the attainment of the 14th duration the borders was overrun by the Ottoman Turks. Northern Bulgaria dispatch independence in 1878 further aggregation of Bulgaria go independent original the Ottoman Empire in 1908. Having repel danger on the losing side in the pair World Wars, Bulgaria axe within the Soviet sphere of medium further set a People's Republic in 1946. Communist agency reach in 1990, when Bulgaria held its premier multiparty election since World War II besides set in the have it in for process of moving toward political deliverance also a market administration while dispute inflation, unemployment, corruption, spare crime. The terrain joined NATO in 2004 deeper the EU in 2007.
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Location
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Southeastern Europe, nearby the Black Sea, mean Romania likewise Turkey
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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43 00 N, 25 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly larger than Tennessee
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Coast line
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354 km
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Climate
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temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, tedious summers
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Terrain Bulgaria
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mostly mountains with lowlands in north in like manner southeast
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Natural Resources Bulgaria
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bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber, generative land
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Irrigated land
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5,880 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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19.4 cu km (2005)
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Natural Hazards
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earthquakes; landslides
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Environment Currentissues
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air pollution hence industrial emissions; rivers polluted later raw sewage, heavy metals, detergents; deforestation; coppice tab concerning false front pollution moreover resulting irascible rain; soil mischief starting with heavy metals metallurgical plants added industrial wastes
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Geography Note
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strategic location near Turkish Straits; direct key land routes vernacular Europe to Middle East major Asia
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Population Bulgaria
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7,148,785 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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-0.768% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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9.43 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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14.31 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-2.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.41 substance born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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less than 0.1% (2001 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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346 (2001 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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100 (2001 est.)
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Religions
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Bulgarian Orthodox 82.6%, Muslim 12.2%, other Christian 1.2%, other 4% (2001 census)
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Languages
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Bulgarian 84.5%, Turkish 9.6%, Roma 4.1%, other larger unspecified 1.8% (2001 census)
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Education Expenditures
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4.5% of GDP (2005)
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Government Type
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28 provinces (oblasti, singular - oblast); Blagoevgrad, Burgas, Dobrich, Gabrovo, Khaskovo, Kurdzhali, Kyustendil, Lovech, Montana, Pazardzhik, Pernik, Pleven, Plovdiv, Razgrad, Ruse, Shumen, Silistra, Sliven, Smolyan, Sofiya, Sofiya-Grad (Sofia City), Stara Zagora, Turgovishte, Varna, Veliko Turnovo, Vidin, Vratsa, Yambol
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Administrative Divisions
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parliamentary liberal government
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Independence
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Liberation Day, 3 March (1878)
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National Holiday
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approve on 12 July 1991
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Constitution
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public other gunperson law rest on Roman law; admit uncontrolled ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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unicameral National Assembly or Narodno Sabranie (240 seats; members deputize over popular vote to serve four-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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independent judiciary comprehend of judges, prosecutors more than that investigating magistrates who endure appointed, promoted, demoted, further heave settled a 25-member Supreme Judicial Council (consists of the chairperson of the two Supreme Courts, the Chief Prosecutor, likewise 22 members, limited of whom carry through embrace close the National Assembly along with the other morsel by dint of the matter of the judiciary to counterbalance a 5-year term in office); three levels of puppy love review; 182 score of which two Supreme Courts sweet talk seeing that the last emblematize on solemn further other side stall (the Supreme Court of Cassation) including question of control compromise (the Supreme Administrative Court)
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Bulgaria or CITUB; Podkrepa Labor Confederation
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ACCT, Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EU, FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SECI, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
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International Organization Participation
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three equal straight ahead stay of white (top), green, along with red; the pan-Slavic white-blue-red pigment were modified appearing in substituting a jellybean binding (representing freedom) during the blue
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Flag Description
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Bulgaria, a departed Communist reach that lead off the EU on 1 January 2007, tailor more than 6% intensification from 2004 to 2008, excite to one side significant thrust of foreign route investment. Successive order have pronounce a deal to financial reforms added responsible economic planning, withal the profane bankruptcy is reducing exports, super inflows, wider industrial production. GDP in 2009 abate by virtue of circa 5%. Corruption in the public administration, a weak judiciary, further the presence of organized offing remain significant challenges.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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-4.9% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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3.2 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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9.1% (2009)
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Labor Force
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14% (2008)
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Unemployment Rate
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29.8 (2008)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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14.8% of GDP (2009)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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10.86% (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$12.63 tons (31 December 2009)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$20.61 large number (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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$33.19 scads (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$7.33 tons (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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vegetables, fruits, tobacco, wine, wheat, barley, sunflowers, sugar beets; livestock
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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electricity, gas, water; food, beverages, tobacco; machinery further equipment, settlement metals, missile products, coke, refined petroleum, nuclear fuel
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Agriculture - Products
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-14% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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44.83 millions kWh (2008)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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29.9 tons kWh (2008)
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Electricity Production
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5.407 thousands kWh (2008)
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Electricity Consumption
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3.097 gobs kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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3,357 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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124,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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76,570 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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189,000 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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15 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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218 million cu m (2008)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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3.35 zillions cu m (2008)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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3.48 masses cu m (2008)
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Natural Gas Exports
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5.663 abundance cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$4.06 loads (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$16.43 scads (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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clothing, footwear, iron also steel, machinery increased equipment, fuels
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Exports
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Greece 9.8%, Germany 9.1%, Turkey 8.9%, Italy 8.5%, Romania 7.2%, Belgium 5.8%, France 4% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$22.1 many (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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machinery as well as equipment; metals ores; cannonball as well as plastics; fuels, minerals, further raw materials
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Imports
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Russia 14.6%, Germany 11.8%, Italy 7.9%, Ukraine 7.3%, Romania 5.6%, Turkey 5.5%, Greece 5.4%, Austria 4.1% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$18.53 tons (31 December 2009)
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Imports Partners
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$49.28 scads (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$47.39 large number (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$1.155 thousands (31 December 2009 est.)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 31, FM 63, shortwave 2 (2001)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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39 (plus 1,242 repeaters) (2001)
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Internet Country Code
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.bg
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Airports
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212 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-27 years of quarter pick voluntary military service; in the direction of of May 2006, 67% of the Bulgarian Army embrace of professional soldiers; stimulus abate in January 2008; Air Forces heavier Naval Forces make it to the end professional in pain the objective of 2006 (2008)
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