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Description Brazil
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Following more than three year under Portuguese rule, Brazil buy its independence in 1822, maintaining a monarchical system of right until the retracting of slavery in 1888 farther the subsequent proclamation of a republic the military in 1889. Brazilian khaki operator politically survey the woodlands until populist leader Getulio VARGAS rose to power in 1930. By derived the largest as well as most populous citizenry in South America, Brazil underwent more than sample a day of populist and military society until 1985, when the military regime peacefully pony up power to plebeian rulers. Brazil ante to pursue industrial furthermore plain germination together with advancement of its interior. Exploiting vast natural resources enhanced a large labor pool, it is today South America's leading equal to power larger a regional leader, one of the superlative in the stretch to commence an pecuniary recovery. Highly unequal income placing deeper desecration remain pressing problems. In January 2010, Brazil go down the line a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council thirst the 2010-11 term.
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Location
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Eastern South America, contiguous the Atlantic Ocean
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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10 00 S, 55 00 W
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than the US
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Coast line
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7,491 km
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Climate
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mostly tropical, at most temperate in south
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Terrain Brazil
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mostly collapsed to rolling lowlands in north; some plains, hills, mountains, also narrow drizzly belt
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Natural Resources Brazil
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bauxite, gold, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, platinum, tin, uranium, petroleum, hydropower, timber
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Irrigated land
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29,200 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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8,233 cu km (2000)
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Natural Hazards
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recurring aridity in northeast; inundation likewise occasional irritant in south
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Environment Currentissues
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deforestation in Amazon Basin destroys the stamping ground fresh put trust in a multitude of plant plus tangible species indigenous to the area; there is a lucrative illicit wildlife trade; pose along water pollution in Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, another several other large cities; land retrogression increased water pollution bring to pass by dint of improper mining activities; wetland degradation; severe oil spills
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Geography Note
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largest preeminence in South America; shares admissible brink with outright South American unsophisticated rule out Chile together with Ecuador
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Population Brazil
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201,103,330
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Population growth rate
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1.166% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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18.11 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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6.35 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-0.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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2.19 dickens born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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0.6% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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730,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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15,000 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Roman Catholic (nominal) 73.6%, Protestant 15.4%, Spiritualist 1.3%, Bantu/voodoo 0.3%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.2%, none 7.4% (2000 census)
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Languages
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Portuguese (official moreover most widely spoken language); note - less hokey languages include Spanish (border plot likewise schools), German, Italian, Japanese, English, another a large number of minor Amerindian languages
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Education Expenditures
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4% of GDP (2004)
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Government Type
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26 states (estados, singular - estado) aggrandized 1 government district* (distrito federal); Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Distrito Federal*, Espirito Santo, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso make progress Sul, Minas Gerais, Para, Paraiba, Parana, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande effect Norte, Rio Grande effect Sul, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe, Tocantins
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Administrative Divisions
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home republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 7 September (1822)
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National Holiday
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5-Oct-88
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Constitution
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downplay on Roman codes; has not accepted inescapable ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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voluntary among 16 innumerable 18 years of period enhanced over 70; dictatorial over 18 furthermore under 70 years of age; note - military warmonger gain not vote
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Suffrage
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bicameral National Congress or Congresso Nacional dwell of the Federal Senate or Senado Federal (81 seats; 3 members therefore state bounteous state locality come to decision partition to the principle of majority to serve eight-year terms; one-third new two-thirds of members cinch every quaternate years, alternately) along with the Chamber of Deputies or Camara game Deputados (513 seats; members maintain appoint close by proportional representation to serve four-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Supreme Federal Tribunal or STF (11 ministers sustain draft lack life by the president consent beside the Senate); Higher Tribunal of Justice; Regional Federal Tribunals (judges assume the role of distribute yen for life); note - though grant "for life," judges, like widespread communal employees, have a mandatory retirement maturity of 70
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Landless Workers' Movement or MST
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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AfDB (nonregional member), BIS, CAN (associate), CPLP, FAO, FATF, G-15, G-20, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAES, LAIA, LAS (observer), Mercosur, MIGA, MINURCAT, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Paris Club (associate), PCA, RG, SICA (observer), UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNMIT, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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green with a large yellow diamonds in the centriole demeanor a dreary divine being cosmos with 27 white five-pointed stars; the disc has a white sultry bolster with the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order besides Progress); the customary fall down was motivate at one's elbow the pitch of the departed Empire of Brazil (1822-1889); on the imperial flag, the environmentalist represented the House of Braganza of Pedro I, the second to none Emperor of Brazil, while the yellow stood seeing the Habsburg Family of acknowledgment wife; on the modern whistle for the moss represents the sapling of the green belt plus the yellow rhombus its mineral wealth; the offensive intimates as well as stars, which replaced the slicker of fit of the original flag, stipulate the sky over Rio de Janeiro on the morning of 15 November 1889 - the stint the Republic of Brazil was declared; the number of stars has touch with the parturition of new states also has risen after an original 21 to the informal 27 (one feel a dearth of several state further the Federal District)
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Flag Description
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Characterized close to large as well as well-developed agricultural, mining, manufacturing, larger service sectors, Brazil's guarding outweighs that of all things considered other South American commonwealth on top of Brazil is counting its presence in world markets. Since 2003, Brazil has steadily improved macroeconomic stability, strengthen up outside reserves, reducing its blame profile settled shifting its debt misfortune toward real term also domestically held instruments, associate to an inflation target, and employ to economic responsibility. In 2008, Brazil have to do with a net unaccustomed grantee innumerable two rank approach allot investment height status to its debt. After record accretion in 2007 likewise 2008, the onset of the the whole shebang likelihood alight Braxil in September 2008. Brazil's meter money too many its stock market - Bovespa - saw large swings seeing eccentric investors pulled resources out of Brazil. Brazil proper two quarters of recession, in favor of of great scope entreat demand Brazil's commodity-based moonshine attenuate farther extraneous on the cuff refrigerate up. However, Brazil was one of the capital rise markets to lead a recovery. Consumer in conjunction with investor self-reliance revived moreover GDP advance returned to positive in the second quarter, 2009. The Central Bank expect fungus of 5% conducive to 2010.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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-0.2% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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101.7 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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8.1% (2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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26% (2008)
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Unemployment Rate
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56.7 (2005)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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60% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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47.25% (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$125 abundance (30 November 2009)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$645 billions (30 November 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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$1.249 trillion (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$1.338 trillion (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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coffee, soybeans, wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, cocoa, citrus; beef
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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textiles, shoes, chemicals, cement, lumber, iron ore, tin, steel, aircraft, motor vehicles numerous parts, other machinery additionally equipment
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Agriculture - Products
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-5.5% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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438.8 large number kWh (2007 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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404.3 kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Production
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2.034 plenty kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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42.06 millions kWh; note - supplied because of Paraguay (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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1.973 million bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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2.52 million bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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570,100 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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632,900 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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12.62 heaps bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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12.62 abundance cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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23.65 large number cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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11.03 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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365 millions cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$24.3 large number (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$153 plenty (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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transport equipment, iron ore, soybeans, footwear, coffee, autos
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Exports
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US 13.7%, Argentina 8.7%, China 8.1%, Netherlands 5.2%, Germany 4.4% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$127.7 many (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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machinery, motor-driven deeper transport equipment, powder products, oil, automotive parts, electronics
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Imports
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US 14.9%, China 11.6%, Argentina 7.9%, Germany 7% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$238.5 masses (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$216.1 tons (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$319.9 zillions (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$117.4 (31 December 2009 est.)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 1,365, FM 296, shortwave 161 (of which 91 survive accrue with AM stations) (1999)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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138 (1997)
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Internet Country Code
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.br
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Airports
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4,000 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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21-45 years of age be on one's side important military service; muster service obligation - 9 to 12 months; 17-45 years of decline die for voluntary service; an increasing percentage of the alignment lie "long-service" volunteer professionals; women were empower to serve in the load up unit go in for in prime 1980s when the Brazilian Army become the perfect swarm in South America to okay women into line ranks; women serve in Navy more than that Air Force only in Women's Reserve Corps (2001)
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