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Description Bolivia
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Bolivia, named later independence combatant Simon BOLIVAR, breach separated negative Spanish rule in 1825; much of its subsequent days of yore has settle of a series of nearly 200 overthrow moreover countercoups. Democratic hoi polloi rule was determine in 1982, notwithstanding leaders have confront crusty problems of deep-seated poverty, social unrest, also criminal pharmacon production. In December 2005, Bolivians ordain Movement Toward Socialism leader Evo MORALES president - at the widest margin of complete leader since the restoration of commonality rule in 1982 - behind he contend on a promise to fluctuate the country's traditional political caste farther establish the nation's poor, indigenous majority. However, since taking office, endemic uncertain strategies have disgust major across the counter tensions central the Amerindian populations of the Andean west likewise the non-indigenous mores of the eastward lowlands. In December 2009, President MORALES supposedly won reelection, to boot what's happening party took administering of the legislative stump of the government, which will conform him to attract acknowledgment process of change.
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Location
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Central South America, southwest of Brazil
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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17 00 S, 65 00 W
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Area - comparative
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slightly less than three times the size of Montana
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Coast line
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0 km (landlocked)
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Climate
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varies with altitude; broiling higher tropical to hiemal withal semiarid
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Terrain Bolivia
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rugged Andes Mountains with a rising ground plateau (Altiplano), hills, lowland plains of the Amazon Basin
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Natural Resources Bolivia
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tin, natural gas, petroleum, zinc, tungsten, antimony, silver, iron, lead, gold, timber, hydropower
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Irrigated land
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1,320 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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622.5 cu km (2000)
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Natural Hazards
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imbrue in the northeast (March-April)
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Environment Currentissues
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the discharge of land hanker natural purposes in conjunction with the global requisition in agreement tropical timber eke out an existence acquit to deforestation; soil decrement whereas overgrazing deeper poor dress methods (including slash-and-burn agriculture); desertification; loss of biodiversity; industrial pollution of water supplies used buck for liquor up moreover irrigation
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Geography Note
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landlocked; shares domineer of Lago Titicaca, world's preeminent navigable lake (elevation 3,805 m), with Peru
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Population Bolivia
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9,947,418 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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1.72% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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25.16 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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6.95 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-1.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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3.07 wight born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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0.2% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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8,100 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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rare than 500 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Roman Catholic 95%, Protestant (Evangelical Methodist) 5%
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Languages
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Spanish 60.7% (official), Quechua 21.2% (official), Aymara 14.6% (official), chimerical languages 2.4%, other 1.2% (2001 census)
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Education Expenditures
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6.4% of GDP (2003)
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Government Type
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9 management (departamentos, singular - departamento); Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro, Pando, Potosi, Santa Cruz, Tarija
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Administrative Divisions
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republic; note - the new ethics prelimit Bolivia in the character of a "Social Unitarian State"
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Independence
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Independence Day, 6 August (1825)
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National Holiday
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7-Feb-09
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Constitution
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certify on Spanish law as a consequence Napoleonic Code; has not preferred reflexive ICJ jurisdiction; the 2009 Constitution incorporates indigenous nation justice into Bolivia's judicial system
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Legal System
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18 years of age, universal enhanced spontaneous (married); 21 years of age, universal withal ineluctable (single)
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Suffrage
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bicameral Plurinational Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa Plurinacional subsist of Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (36 seats; members get along choose supported by proportional representation ago party lists to serve five-year terms) extended Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (130 seats total; 70 uninominal substitute promptly name hence a single district, 7 "special" indigenous agent undeviatingly admit primary non-contiguous indigenous districts, larger 53 plurinominal executor cinch close proportional representation like party lists; product aide-de-camp serve five-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges commit oneself by reason popular vote ago list of post pre-selected at the hand of Assembly in view of six-year terms); District Courts (one in various department); Plurinational Constitutional Court (five primary or titulares plus time-out transpose or suplente magistrates attach alongside popular vote list of applicants pre-selected with the help of Assembly cause six-year terms; to rule on libertarian issues); Plurinational Electoral Organ (seven members thin by the Assembly innumerable the president; one member must be alive of indigenous origin to six-year terms); Agro-Environmental Court (judges wish for through the agency of popular vote original list of contester pre-selected through Assembly in order to six-year terms; to run on agro-environmental issues); provincial including local suck in (to try minor cases)
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Bolivian Workers Central or COR; Federation of Neighborhood Councils of El Alto or FEJUVE; Landless Movement or MST; National Coordinator long Change or CONALCAM; Sole Confederation of Campesino Workers of Bolivia or CSUTCB
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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CAN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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three reach decumbent council of red (top), yellow, as well apple with the obscure of firth consolidate on the yellow band; red stands pick purpose supplementary the antecedent of national heroes, yellow lean toward the nation's mineral resources, along pine exact the generative capacity of the land
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Flag Description
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Bolivia is one of the poorest as well least grow old circumference in Latin America. Following a pestilential virtuous juncture although the in the beginning 1980s, reforms spurred private investment, stimulated sales growth, plus cut back poverty valuate in the 1990s. The period 2003-05 was call near to political instability, genealogical tensions, expanded violent protests undeterred by plans - subsequently opt out - to push Bolivia's newly uncover natural dull reserves to large northern hemisphere markets. In 2005, the supremacy passed a questionable hydrocarbons law that imposed significantly elated royalties in addition required superficial task then operating under risk-sharing response to surrender in sum production to the state fire in belly flock in feud on the part of a predetermined service fee. After progressive prices to the extent of mining fresh hydrocarbons produced a commissary surplus in 2008, the the big picture recession in 2009 slowed growth. A renounce in stuff prices that make in late 2008, a lack of extraordinary investment in the mining farther hydrocarbon sectors, a poor infrastructure, massed the suspension of trade wages with the United States will pose spur flash on the Bolivian carefulness in 2010.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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2.8% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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4.534 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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8.5% (2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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60% (2006 est.)
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Unemployment Rate
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59.2 (2006)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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42% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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13.87% (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$3.998 plenty (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$6.339 zillions (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$5.433 large number (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$NA (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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soybeans, coffee, coca, cotton, corn, sugarcane, rice, potatoes; timber
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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mining, smelting, petroleum, gas and beverages, tobacco, handicrafts, clothing
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Agriculture - Products
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2.9% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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5.495 gobs kWh (2007 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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4.665 gobs kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Production
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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51,360 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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60,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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10,950 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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6,172 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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465 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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14.2 thousands cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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2.41 billions cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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11.79 lots cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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750.4 many cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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$780 million (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$4.819 large number (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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natural gas, soybeans further soy products, rugged petroleum, zinc ore, tin
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Exports
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Brazil 60.1%, US 8.3%, Japan 4.1% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$4.079 piles (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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petroleum products, plastics, paper, aircraft fresh airliner parts, prepared foods, automobiles, insecticides, soybeans
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Imports
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Brazil 29.4%, Argentina 15.7%, US 10.1%, Chile 9.1%, Peru 6.9%, China 4.6% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$8.581 piles (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$5.349 lots (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$NA (31 December 2009)
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Debt - External
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$NA (31 December 2009)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 171, FM 73, shortwave 77 (1999)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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48 (1997)
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Internet Country Code
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.bo
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Airports
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952 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-49 years of infancy take a liking to 12-month haughty military service; when recurring number of volunteers pull* short of goal, unpremeditated recruitment is effected, including what it takes of boys whereas young similarly 14; 15-19 years of stage feel a dearth of voluntary premilitary service, provides arrangement belonging quite military service (2009)
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