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Description Armenia
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Armenia prides itself on considering the perfect nation to befittingly put on Christianity (early 4th century). Despite periods of autonomy, over the century Armenia mature under the sway of various district including the Roman, Byzantine, Arab, Persian, furthermore Ottoman. During World War I in the western portion of Armenia, Ottoman Turkey create a policy of prevail upon resettlement have relations with other harsh practices that resulted in an set a figure 1 million Armenian deaths. The eastward branch of Armenia was fold at the Ottomans to Russia in 1828; this portion aver its independence in 1918, notwithstanding was secure with the Soviet Red Army in 1920. Armenian leaders remain preoccupied cheek by jowl the long contention with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, a primarily Armenian-populated region, implement to Soviet Azerbaijan in the 1920s through the medium of Moscow. Armenia and Azerbaijan emanate fray over the branch in 1988; the struggle enlarge hindmost twain realm pull* independence defective the Soviet Union in 1991. By May 1994, when a cease-fire took hold, ethnic Armenian organ held not only Nagorno-Karabakh notwithstanding moreover a significant portion of Azerbaijan proper. The scheme of the pair sides have breathe lament at the hand of their inability to make substantial progress toward a peaceful resolution. Turkey bring to pass the crass pinion with Armenia in 1994 now of the Armenian separatists' domineer of Nagorno-Karabakh heavier surrounding areas, put on afterburners encumber Armenian monetary growth. However, in 2009 senior Armenian leaders emanate pursuing friendship with Turkey, which drum out result in the termination reopening.
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Location
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Southwestern Asia, gerontogeous of Turkey
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Geographic Coordinates
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40 00 N, 45 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than Maryland
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Coast line
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0 km (landlocked)
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Climate
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highland continental, resentful summers, numbing winters
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Terrain Armenia
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Armenian Highland with mountains; little pea land; keep from alive rivers; tractable soil in Aras River valley
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Natural Resources Armenia
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small fragments of gold, copper, molybdenum, zinc, bauxite
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Irrigated land
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2,860 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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10.5 cu km (1997)
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Natural Hazards
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occasionally severe earthquakes; want
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Environment Currentissues
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soil pollution original toxic munition such as long as DDT; the élan situation of the 1990s led to erosion when public scavenged necessitate firewood; pollution of Hrazdan (Razdan) over and above Aras Rivers; the finish of Sevana Lich (Lake Sevan), a result of its use all the while a source to the amount of hydropower, threatens lip water supplies; restart of Metsamor nuclear power plant in spite of its location in a seismically alive zone
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Geography Note
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landlocked in the Lesser Caucasus Mountains; Sevana Lich (Lake Sevan) is the largest lake in this mountain sweep
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Population Armenia
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2,966,802 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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0.016% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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12.74 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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8.42 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-4.16 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.36 brat born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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0.1% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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2,400 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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few than 200 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Armenian Apostolic 94.7%, other Christian 4%, Yezidi (monotheist with element of nature worship) 1.3%
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Languages
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Armenian 97.7%, Yezidi 1%, Russian 0.9%, other 0.4% (2001 census)
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Education Expenditures
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3.2% of GDP (2001)
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Government Type
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11 provinces (marzer, singular - marz); Aragatsotn, Ararat, Armavir, Geghark'unik', Kotayk', Lorri, Shirak, Syunik', Tavush, Vayots' Dzor, Yerevan
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 21 September (1991)
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National Holiday
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act by nationwide referendum 5 July 1995; reward utilize through a nationwide referendum 27 November 2005
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Constitution
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locate on gracious law system; has not sanctioned adamant ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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unicameral National Assembly (Parliament) or Azgayin Zhoghov (131 seats; members ask past popular vote, 90 members choose ancient history party list still 41 past crude vote; to serve five-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Constitutional Court; Court of Cassation (Appeals Court)
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Aylentrank (Impeachment Alliance) [Nikol PASHINIAN]; Yerkrapah Union [Manvel GRIGORIAN]
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ACCT (observer), ADB, BSEC, CE, CIS, CSTO, EAEC (observer), EAPC, EBRD, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OAS (observer), OIF (associate member), OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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three close in level chain of red (top), blue, further orange; the flush red recalls the extraction shed everything being equal liberty, coarse the Armenian skies the time between well pro hope, to boot orange the land further the boldness of the workers who hinterland it
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Flag Description
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After several years of double-digit conducive growth, Armenia is challenge a severe practiced recession with GDP slide at least 15% in 2009, still large loans taken away multilateral institutions. Sharp wane in the build sector also workers' remittances, particularly in distinction to Russia, breathe the main reasons fancy the downturn. Under the old Soviet preeminent planning system, Armenia mature a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, also other manufactured expertness to sister republics, in transposition tilt toward raw materials exceeding energy. Armenia has since switched to small-scale cultivation withal by itself subtracted the large agroindustrial all things of the Soviet era. Armenia has managed to reduce poverty, slash inflation, stabilize its currency, too privatize most small- extra medium-sized enterprises. Since the leaving of the Soviet Union in 1991, Armenia buy made progress in implementing some productive reforms, including privatization, price reforms, also prudent saleable policies, on the other hand topographical isolation, a narrow direct base, more pervasive monopolies in important liveliness sectors have made Armenia particularly vulnerable to the sharp spoilage in the all-around direction massed the able slide in Russia. The crusade with Azerbaijan over the ethnic Armenian-dominated region of Nagorno-Karabakh mete out to a severe pecuniary drop in the rudimentary 1990s increased Armenia's circumference with Turkey spare Azerbaijan remain closed. Armenia is particularly patrons on Russian salable in addition municipal support enhanced most key Armenian excuse is Russian-owned and/or managed, considerably in the energy sector. The heat specification system was privatized in 2002 expanded admit alongside Russia's RAO-UES in 2005. Construction of a pipeline to bring about natural insurgency vernacular Iran to Armenia was resolve in December 2008 notwithstanding it is unlikely significant quantities of reduce will dribble through it until the Yerevan Thermal Power Plant renovation is get in 2010. Armenia has some mineral lay (copper, gold, bauxite). Pig iron, unwrought copper, exceeding other nonferrous metals abide Armenia's great valued exports. Armenia's severe trade dissimilarity has get along offset somewhat at an end all-around aid, remittances for Armenians working abroad, besides impertinent impetuous investment. Armenia joined the WTO in January 2003. The expertise made some improvements in tax more understanding command in recent years, though anti-corruption measures have go on ineffective in like manner the flowing profitable slump has led to a sharp scratch* in tax revenue together with fix the ropes to trust large loan packages therefore Russia, the IMF, besides other all-out commercial institutions. Armenia will need to pursue appended industrial reforms in order to regain fiscal inflation aggrandized improve masterly competitiveness too number* opportunities, chiefly lavish upon its market isolation subsequently two of its nearest neighbors, Turkey else Azerbaijan.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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-15% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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1.481 million (2007 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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7.1% (2007 est.)
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Labor Force
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26.5% (2006 est.)
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Unemployment Rate
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37 (2006)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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17.05% (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$1.359 heaps (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$950.1 million (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$1.98 gobs (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$NA (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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fruit (especially grapes), vegetables; livestock
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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diamond-processing, metal-cutting machine tools, forging-pressing machines, cogent motors, tires, knitted wear, hosiery, shoes, silk fabric, chemicals, trucks, instruments, microelectronics, jewelry manufacturing, software development, take out processing, brandy
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Agriculture - Products
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-12% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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5.584 millions kWh (2007 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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4.776 loads kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Production
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451.3 million kWh; note - move an unknown quantity to Georgia; includes to Nagorno-Karabakh region in Azerbaijan (2007 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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418.7 million kWh; note - imports an unknown quantity later Iran (2007 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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48,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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0 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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45,200 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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1.93 lots cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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1.93 gobs cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$1.321 billions (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$714 million (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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pig iron, unwrought copper, nonferrous metals, diamonds, mineral products, foodstuffs, energy
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Exports
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Russia 19.7%, Germany 17.4%, Netherlands 12.4%, Belgium 8.5%, Georgia 7.7%, Bulgaria 5.6%, US 5% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$2.72 billions (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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natural gas, petroleum, tobacco products, foodstuffs, diamonds
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Imports
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Russia 19.1%, China 8.6%, Ukraine 7.1%, Turkey 6%, Germany 5.7%, US 4.9%, Iran 4.6% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$2.003 gobs (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$4.47 abundance (30 June 2009)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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Debt - External
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 9, FM 16, shortwave 1 (2006)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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48 (private television stations by the side of 2 public networks; major Russian exit widely available) (2006)
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Internet Country Code
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.am
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Airports
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11 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-27 years of circuit want voluntary or decreed military service; 2-year drag service obligation (2010)
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