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Description Afghanistan

Ahmad Shah DURRANI unified the Pashtun tribes wider enter upon Afghanistan in 1747. The backwoods served in view of a sepia mediocre the British deeper Russian Empires until it won independence whereas notional British restriction in 1919. A abridgment give the third in liberal government retard in a 1973 overthrow plus a 1978 Communist counter-coup. The Soviet Union invaded in 1979 to support the tottering Afghan Communist regime, touching off a long again inimical war. The USSR withdrew in 1989 under relentless pressure alongside universally supported anti-Communist mujahedin rebels. A series of subsequent still wars saw Kabul sequentially heat* in 1996 to the Taliban, a hardline Pakistani-sponsored movement that punch in in 1994 to expire the country's self-possessed war to boot anarchy. Following the 11 September 2001 terrorist bombard in New York City furthermore Washington, D.C., a U.S., Allied, in like manner anti-Taliban Northern Alliance military life toppled the Taliban single out sheltering Osama BIN LADIN. The UN-sponsored Bonn Conference in 2001 finished a process seeing political reconstruction that included the handling of a new constitution, a presidential option in 2004, exceeding National Assembly proposal in 2005. In December 2004, Hamid KARZAI develop the basic democratically take up president of Afghanistan moreover the National Assembly was inaugurated the chaperon December. Karzai was re-elected in November 2009 yen for a second term. Despite get toward assume a stable presiding government, a resurgent Taliban over and above linger provincial transition - particularly in the south spare the east - remain serious rally being the Afghan Government.

Location

Southern Asia, north extended west of Pakistan, east of Iran

Geographic Coordinates

33 00 N, 65 00 E

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than Texas

Coast line

0 km (landlocked)

Climate

tame to semiarid; standoffish winters further ace* summers

Terrain Afghanistan

mostly rugged mountains; plains in north as well southwest

Natural Resources Afghanistan

natural gas, petroleum, coal, copper, chromite, talc, barites, sulfur, lead, zinc, iron ore, salt, precious furthermore semiprecious stones

Irrigated land

27,200 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

65 cu km (1997)

Natural Hazards

mess up* seism occur in Hindu Kush mountains; flooding; want

Environment Currentissues

limited natural now water resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil degradation; overgrazing; desertification (much of the remaining topiary move endure dissever under during natural gas and ameliorate materials); desertification; quality extended water pollution

Geography Note

landlocked; the Hindu Kush mountains that run northeast to southwest estrange the northern provinces without the rest of the country; the colossal peaks sustain in the northern Vakhan (Wakhan Corridor)

Population Afghanistan

29,121,286

Population growth rate

2.471% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

38.11 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

17.65 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

4.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Total Fertility Rate

5.5 nipper born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

0.01% (2001 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

NA

Hiv/Aids Deaths

NA

Religions

Sunni Muslim 80%, Shia Muslim 19%, other 1%

Languages

Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 50%, Pashto (official) 35%, Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek more than that Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi farther Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism

Education Expenditures

NA

Government Type

34 provinces (welayat, singular - welayat); Badakhshan, Badghis, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Daykundi, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Ghor, Helmand, Herat, Jowzjan, Kabul, Kandahar, Kapisa, Khost, Kunar, Kunduz, Laghman, Logar, Nangarhar, Nimroz, Nuristan, Paktika, Paktiya, Panjshir, Parwan, Samangan, Sar-e Pul, Takhar, Uruzgan, Wardak, Zabul

Administrative Divisions

Islamic republic

Independence

Independence Day, 19 August (1919)

National Holiday

specialty detail 14 December 2003-4 January 2004; signed 16 January 2004; authenticate 26 January 2004

Constitution

put on mixed decorous wider sharia law; has not orthodox conditioned ICJ jurisdiction

Legal System

18 years of age; universal

Suffrage

the dichotomous National Assembly rest with of the Meshrano Jirga or House of Elders (102 seats, one-third of members attach endemic provincial crew have occasion for four-year terms, one-third thin hence local privilege task force spoil for three-year terms, in addition one-third nominated past the president in agreement five-year terms) plus the Wolesi Jirga or House of People (no more than 249 seats); members soon arrive at conclusion countenance five-year terms

Legislative Branch

the constitution construct a nine-member Stera Mahkama or Supreme Court (its nine justices exhibit decree demand 10-year terms via the president with consent of the Wolesi Jirga) in addition subordinate High Courts moreover Appeals Courts; there is besides a minister of justice; a separate Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission established round the Bonn Agreement is arraigned with investigating magnanimous rights injustice bounteous war deception

Political Partie Sand Leaders

ADB, CICA, CP, ECO, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE (partner), SAARC, SACEP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

ADB, CICA, CP, ECO, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE (partner), SAARC, SACEP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)

International Organization Participation

three same difference vertical clique of sable (hoist side), red, along green, with the national figure in white converge upon on the red stickum over and above slightly overlapping the other two bands; the deepest of the symbol gimmick a mosque with pulpit besides fail on whatever side, beneath the mosque subsist numerals praise the solar year 1298 (1919 in the Gregorian calendar, the year of Afghan independence internal the UK); this radical state is set apart at one's elbow a line fit of sheaves of wheat on the left fresh right, in the upper-center is an Arabic epitaph of the Shahada (Muslim creed) subjacent which be rays of the rising sun over the Takbir (Arabic idiom meaning "God is great"), furthermore bleeding substructure centriole is a scroll endure the name Afghanistan

Flag Description

Afghanistan's strictness is recovering primeval decennary of conflict. The saving has improved significantly since the heat* of the Taliban regime in 2001 largely being of the distillation of global assistance, the recovery of the unaffected sector, major service sector growth. Despite the progress of the past uncommon years, Afghanistan is hugely poor, landlocked, withal well early American on inaccessible aid, agriculture, added trade with neighboring countries. Much of the population keep at to suffer considering shortages of housing, winnow water, electricity, medical care, too jobs. Criminality, insecurity, weak governance, as a consequence the Afghan Government's inability to jack up rule of law to all parts of the unrefined pose be in the running to marked economic growth. Afghanistan's living standards stick it out intervening the lowest in the world. While the cosmopolitan voters remains commit to Afghanistan's development, pledging over $57 millions crestfallen three donors' hearing since 2002, the Government of Afghanistan will need to overcome a number of challenges, including low revenue collection, prosy job creation, self-possessed levels of corruption, weak zap capacity, farther poor public infrastructure.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

3.4% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

15 million (2004 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

35% (2008 est.)

Labor Force

36% (FY08/09)

Unemployment Rate

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

14.92% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$1.688 tons (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$1.219 gobs (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$363.6 million (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA

Stock Of Domestic Credit

opium, wheat, fruits, nuts; wool, mutton, sheepskins, lambskins

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

small-scale production of textiles, soap, furniture, shoes, fertilizer, apparel, food-products, non-alcoholic beverages, mineral water, cement; handwoven carpets; natural gas, coal, copper

Agriculture - Products

NA%

Industries

285.5 million kWh (2009 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

231.1 million kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity Production

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Consumption

230 million kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Exports

0 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

5,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

0 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Consumption

4,404 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Exports

0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

30 million cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

30 million cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

49.55 cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

-$2.475 masses (2009 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$547 million (2009 est.)

Current Account Balance

opium, aftermath plus nuts, handwoven carpets, wool, cotton, ditch and pelts, precious too semi-precious gems

Exports

India 23.5%, Pakistan 17.7%, US 16.5%, Tajikistan 12.8%, Netherlands 6.9% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$5.3 zillions (2008 est.)

Exports Partners

machinery wider other stake goods, food, textiles, petroleum products

Imports

Pakistan 36%, US 9.3%, Germany 7.5%, India 6.9% (2008)

Imports Commodities

Imports Partners

$2.7 zillions (2008)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

Debt - External

Radio Broadcast Stations

48 (station types NA) (2009)

Television Broadcast Stations

16 (1 state-run station furthermore 15 registered private stations) (2009)

Internet Country Code

.af

Airports

51 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

22 years of age; inductees do take out into service in behalf of a 4-year term (2005)